TL;DR: A 2026 cross-sectional study in Metabolic Brain Disease linked adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with lower serum SIRT-1, Nrf-2, and HO-1, three redox-regulation markers tied to antioxidant defense. Key Findings 120 adults studied: The analysis compared 60 adults with ADHD against 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. SIRT-1 was lower: Mean serum SIRT-1 was 9.36 …
TL;DR: A 2026 eNeuro study of 163 people ages 3-25 found that sleep history and age shaped waking electroencephalography (EEG) oscillations, while children with ADHD showed distinct sleep-wake EEG patterns. Key Findings Sleep and development interact to shape wake EEG oscillations: The amount of recent sleep or wakefulness produces age-dependent effects on EEG oscillation amplitude …
TL;DR: A 2026 double-blind trial in Psychopharmacology found that methylphenidate reduced cheating in healthy adults compared with placebo, contrary to survey respondents’ expectations about smart drugs. Key Findings Methylphenidate reduced dishonesty vs placebo: A double-blind placebo-controlled experiment in healthy adults showed methylphenidate (Ritalin) reduced cheating behavior compared to placebo — the opposite direction from what …
TL;DR: A 2026 cohort study in BJPsych Open found that childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) difficulties predicted poorer young-adult outcomes, but rare copy number variants (CNVs), which are deleted or duplicated DNA segments, did not clearly sharpen that prognosis. Key Findings 8,414 young people had CNV data: Researchers analyzed genetic and …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Nature Mental Health describes an AI system that scans routine electronic health records (EHRs) and combines early-life visits, prescriptions, and comorbidities into a risk flag for ADHD evaluation before formal diagnosis. Key Findings AI flagged ADHD risk from routine EHR data alone: The model identified patterns predictive of future ADHD …
TL;DR: A 2025 scoping review in European Psychiatry screened 292 randomized trials of adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reported that 49.7% did not assess general psychopathology and only 35% had the ADHD diagnosis allocated by a psychiatrist or psychologist. Key Findings Half of the trials skipped a general psychopathology check: 49.7% of the …
TL;DR: A 2025 meta-analysis in the Journal of Attention Disorders pooled 24 studies (N=6,815) and estimated that 11.31% of children and adolescents with ADHD had co-occurring depression — about six times the rate seen in neurotypical peers in head-to-head case-control studies (~12% vs ~2%). Key Findings Pooled depression rate of 11.31% across 24 studies: The …
TL;DR: A 2026 Mendelian randomization study in Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry used genetic data to test direction of effect between brain structure and neurodevelopmental conditions, and found that increased surface area in the superior frontal gyrus raised ADHD risk while increased surface area in the orbital frontal gyrus protected against autism — with …
Autism Severity Showed Up in a Shared ADHD Connectome TL;DR: In 166 verbal children diagnosed with either autism or ADHD without autism, stronger resting-state coupling between the left middle frontal gyrus and posterior cingulate cortex tracked clinician-rated autism severity across both diagnoses, while ADHD symptom ratings showed no comparable brain-wide signal. Key Findings 166 low-motion …
Insomnia and daytime napping are causally associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD), while sleep duration influences the risk of schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Highlights: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Insomnia and napping during the day significantly increase the risk of MDD. Schizophrenia: Longer sleep duration is associated with a higher risk …
