TL;DR: A 2025 study in Journal of the American Chemical Society found that a depression-linked gut bacterium now has a concrete inflammatory mechanism: Morganella morganii can make unusual phospholipids that activate TLR2/TLR1 and drive IL-6. Key Findings Morganella got a molecule: The paper moved beyond a microbiome correlation by isolating pro-inflammatory metabolites made by M. …
TL;DR: A 2026 Research Square preprint used silent verb-generation functional MRI (fMRI), brain imaging during covert word production, and found early cerebellar-cerebral language-network changes after radiotherapy in 31 children and adolescents treated for medulloblastoma. Key Findings 31 pediatric patients: Children and adolescents with medulloblastoma completed silent verb-generation fMRI before radiotherapy and again within 6 weeks …
TL;DR: A 2026 medRxiv preprint reanalyzed long-term survivors from the AB10015 ALS trial and reported that masitinib-treated patients had higher 5-year survival than historical benchmarks, but the analysis was post hoc, sponsor-supported, and lacked long-term placebo follow-up. Key Findings Five-year survival was 42.3%: 55 of 130 patients assigned to masitinib 4.5 mg/kg/day were alive at …
TL;DR: A 2026 network meta-analysis in International Clinical Psychopharmacology found that lurasidone and xanomeline-trospium improved global cognitive scores in schizophrenia-spectrum randomized trials, while quetiapine and cariprazine ranked best for attention. Key Findings 14 randomized trials: Researchers analyzed 2,464 participants across trials of selected second- and third-generation antipsychotics plus xanomeline-trospium. Lurasidone improved global cognition: Lurasidone outperformed …
TL;DR: A 2026 medRxiv preprint reported that bedside 64 mT portable MRI scans from ECMO patients could support brain-volume analysis, with segmented volumes broadly comparable to conventional MRI and low-field MRI scans without ECMO equipment. Key Findings 30 ECMO scans: The volumetric pipeline analyzed T2-weighted portable MRI scans from 30 patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Scientific Reports reported that NeXtSwin-X, a dual-branch AI model combining ConvNeXt and Swin Transformer features, achieved strong brain tumor classification performance across eight public MRI and CT datasets after only 10 training epochs. Key Findings Eight imaging datasets: The model was evaluated on eight public brain tumor MRI and CT …
TL;DR: A 2026 Reviews in the Neurosciences review argues that glycolysis, the cell pathway that turns glucose into usable energy and lactate, is a disease-shaping process across Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, ALS, Huntington’s disease, Wilson disease, and multiple sclerosis rather than a background energy problem. Key Findings Glycolysis changes differed by brain cell type, with …
TL;DR: A 2026 review in Nature Reviews Neurology argued that neural extracellular matrix (ECM), the protein-and-glycan scaffold around central nervous system cells, is an active regulator of brain plasticity and neurological disease. Key Findings Multiple ECM forms: The review describes perineuronal nets, perisynaptic ECM, periaxonal coats, and diffuse interstitial ECM. Brain function link: Neural ECM …
TL;DR: A 2026 electroencephalography (EEG) study in Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience found that observers’ empathy-for-pain ratings and physiological coupling stayed similar whether they watched another person receive painful stimulation through a live video call or a prerecorded video, although live interaction produced an earlier frontal theta brain response. Key Findings 35 observers tested: Researchers …
TL;DR: A 2026 rat study in Hippocampus found that the dentate gyrus (DG), a hippocampal memory region, gained about 385,000 granule neurons from 2 to 18 months of age even though older development-born neurons were also being lost. Key Findings 385,000-cell net gain: Total DG granule neuron counts increased by about 385,000 cells from 2 …
