Drugs & Medications

OCD Treatment with Antidepressants (SSRIs) Alters Brain Structure & Functions (2024 Study)

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Antidepressant treatment in OCD is linked to structural and functional brain changes, particularly in corticosubcortical areas, but these findings need further validation in larger, more homogeneous samples. Highlights: Antidepressant Use: Antidepressants, especially SSRIs, are a primary treatment for OCD, resulting in significant brain changes. Brain Structure Changes: Studies show volume alterations in the thalamus, amygdala, …

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Lithium Appears Neuroprotective in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) (2024 Research)

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Lithium shows promise in treating traumatic brain injury (TBI) by mitigating neuroinflammation, protecting against neuronal damage, and improving cognitive functions. Highlights: Neuroprotective Mechanisms: Lithium’s therapeutic effects involve complex molecular mechanisms including gene expression, neurotransmitter signaling, and circadian modulation, contributing to neuronal protection and recovery post-TBI. Targeted Brain Regions: Post-treatment, lithium concentrations are notably higher in …

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Selegiline Reverses Anxiety & Memory Impairment in Amyloid Beta-Induced Alzheimers Model Rats (2024 Study)

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The study demonstrated that selegiline (SEL) improves memory performance, reduces anxiety, and modulates oxidative stress in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat model. Highlights: Memory Improvements: SEL administration improved recognition memory, spatial memory, and passive avoidance memory in AD rats. Anxiety Reduction: SEL significantly reduced anxiety-like behavior in AD rats, as evidenced by performance in the …

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Repurposing Antipsychotics & Antidepressants to Treat Glioblastoma (2024 Study)

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Repurposing antipsychotics and antidepressants with favorable safety profiles and blood-brain barrier permeability shows promise for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, primarily through disrupting lysosomal function and inducing cell death. Highlights: Mechanism of Action: The studied antipsychotics and antidepressants induce GBM cell death by disrupting lysosomal function, leading to lysosomal membrane rupture. PTEN Sensitivity: GBMs with intact PTEN …

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Drug-Induced Musical Hallucinations: Causes & Treatments (2024 Research)

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Drug-induced musical hallucinations occur across various medical conditions, with antidepressants, opioids, and other medications as common triggers, potentially arising from neurotransmitter imbalances; treatment often involves modifying or discontinuing the trigger drug. Highlights: Prevalence & Demographics: The average patient age was 58.3 years, with 67.9% being female. Common Conditions: Hearing impairments, psychiatric disorders, cancers, and neurodegenerative …

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Intranasal Insulin for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Enhancing Social Skills, Memory, Grey Matter Volume (2024 Case Report)

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Extended intra-nasal insulin (INI) treatment in an insulin-resistant early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patient improved grey matter volume, reduced beta-amyloid levels, and enhanced cognitive and pragmatic capacities, suggesting potential to slow neurodegenerative disease progression. Highlights: Grey Matter Volume: After 9 months of INI treatment, the patient experienced an increase in grey matter volume. Beta-Amyloid Levels: …

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Ketamine Rapidly Reverses Suicidal Ideation & Severe Depression (2024 Meta-Analysis)

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Ketamine significantly reduces suicidal ideation in depressed patients, with rapid effects observed within the first day of treatment. Highlights: Rapid Reduction: Ketamine shows a significant reduction in suicidal ideation within the first day of treatment (RR = 10.02, 95% CI = 4.24 to 23.68). Sustained Improvement: Repeated ketamine treatments result in a greater reduction of …

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Serotonin (5-HT) vs. Tumors & Cancers: Potential Immunomodulation Treatment (2024 Research)

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Cancer patients frequently experience depressive symptoms, and the role of serotonin in tumor regulation varies across different types. Highlights: Prevalence of Depression in Cancer Patients: A significant portion of cancer patients experience depressive symptoms, which are often linked to neuroendocrine hormone imbalances and decreased serotonin levels. Neuroimmunology’s Role: Neuroimmunology is an emerging field that has …

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PCSK9 Inhibitors May Increase Parkinson’s Disease & Reduce ALS Risk (2024 Study)

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PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduce the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) but increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Highlights: ALS Risk Reduction: PCSK9 inhibitors marginally reduced the risk of ALS with an odds ratio of 0.89 (p = 0.048). PD Risk Increase: PCSK9 inhibitors increased the risk of Parkinson’s disease, with an odds ratio …

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Repurposing General Anesthetic Drugs to Treat Depression: Ketamine, Nitrous Oxide, Propofol, Isoflurane (2024 Research)

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Repurposing general anesthetic drugs like ketamine for the treatment of major depression represents a significant medical advancement – showcasing rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. Highlights: Rapid Antidepressant Effects: Ketamine, nitrous oxide, propofol, and isoflurane have shown rapid and sustained antidepressant properties, offering new treatment options for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Mechanisms of Action: …

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