TL;DR: A 2026 mouse study in Communications Biology found that loss of MGAT5B, a brain-enriched enzyme that branches O-mannose sugars on proteins, widened nodes of Ranvier—the intervals between myelin segments that organize axon signaling—and delayed callosal spike timing. Neuron-targeted MGAT5B shifted pooled node widths lower, but the rescue compared only 2 treated with 3 control …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Science Advances reported that disrupting the membrane-associated periodic skeleton (MPS), an actin-spectrin lattice beneath neuron membranes, reduced the fitted amyloid precursor protein (APP) uptake time constant in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons and increased intracellular amyloid-beta 42 under APP-overexpression conditions. The cell-culture experiments do not show that stabilizing the MPS prevents …
TL;DR: A 2026 mouse study in Gene Therapy used an adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) vector to deliver human FMR1 and reduced sound-triggered seizures, excessive digging, and gamma-frequency electroencephalography (EEG) power in selected dose and route groups. The outcomes came from separate experiments, and high-dose intravenous treatment without immunosuppression caused excess deaths. Key Findings Adolescent seizure …
TL;DR: A 2026 Phase 2 trial in The British Journal of Psychiatry found that 10 mg emestedastat did not improve attention and working memory after six weeks in adults with major depressive disorder and objectively measured cognitive impairment. A nominal depression-score difference appeared four weeks after treatment ended, but it was secondary, unadjusted for multiple …
TL;DR: A 2026 mouse study in Translational Psychiatry reported that six days of adolescent THC exposure reduced Reelin-positive cell density in the female prefrontal cortex and cortical thickness across sexes. Prenatal immune activation did not consistently magnify the effects, and the short-term animal experiment does not show that cannabis causes schizophrenia in people. Key Findings …
TL;DR: A 2026 preprint in medRxiv tested an interpretable machine-learning model for focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), a lesion linked to drug-resistant epilepsy, and found that hemispheric-asymmetry MRI features classified 39 of 50 subjects correctly in leave-one-out testing. Key Findings 50-subject MRI sample: The analysis used 25 FCD patients and 25 age-matched healthy controls from the …
TL;DR: A 2026 review in Journal of Neuroinflammation proposed that Alzheimer microglial dysfunction can be understood as checkpoint collapse, where failed regulatory controls feed three interacting lipid, iron/ferroptosis, and inflammation/complement axes. Key Findings Review framework, not trial result: Alzheimer microglial evidence through April 2026 was synthesized rather than used to test a new drug or …
TL;DR: A 2026 systematic review in PLOS One found that ketogenic diet therapies were linked to more 50% seizure reductions in drug-resistant epilepsy, with clearer evidence in children and more uncertainty for near-complete seizure control, side effects, adherence, and quality of life. Key Findings 17 randomized trials were included: The review screened 1,193 records after …
TL;DR: A 2026 Molecular Psychiatry study found that common genetic influences on sustained attention were partly separable from genetic influences on executive function, using task-based cognition data from the AFFECT study and 23andMe participants. Key Findings More than 20,000 participants contributed task-based cognition data: Final GWAS sample sizes ranged from 10,129 people for lapse recovery …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Journal of Neural Engineering reported that adding passive recordings from bidirectional deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes to scalp electroencephalography (EEG) improved simulated deep-brain source localization, especially near the implanted lead. Key Findings 72-channel scalp EEG: The simulations combined scalp EEG with 4-contact, 8-contact, or 40-contact DBS electrode configurations. Three noise …
