Cognition

Prucalopride 2 mg Improved Word Learning and Working-Memory Speed in Remitted Depression

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Prucalopride 2 mg Improved Word Learning and Working-Memory Speed in Remitted Depression

TL;DR: A 2026 randomized study in Psychological Medicine reported that 7–10 days of prucalopride improved word-learning recall and working-memory response speed versus placebo in adults with remitted recurrent depression, but the 49-person analysis did not test durability, daily functioning, or relapse prevention. Key Findings Short randomized exposure: Researchers analyzed 49 adults ages 18–40 after 7–10 …

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10 mg Emestedastat Did Not Improve Cognition in Major Depression

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10 mg Emestedastat Did Not Improve Cognition in Major Depression

TL;DR: A 2026 Phase 2 trial in The British Journal of Psychiatry found that 10 mg emestedastat did not improve attention and working memory after six weeks in adults with major depressive disorder and objectively measured cognitive impairment. A nominal depression-score difference appeared four weeks after treatment ended, but it was secondary, unadjusted for multiple …

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Foster Care Improved Adaptive Functioning After Severe Early Deprivation

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Foster Care Improved Adaptive Functioning After Severe Early Deprivation

TL;DR: A 2026 Developmental Psychology randomized-trial follow-up found that children assigned to high-quality foster care after severe early deprivation had better adaptive functioning at age 18, especially in communication and socialization, than children who remained in care as usual. Key Findings Trial follow-up: The analysis used the Bucharest Early Intervention Project, a randomized trial comparing …

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Slackline Training Increased Resting Beta Power and Balance Performance

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Slackline Training Increased Resting Beta Power and Balance Performance

TL;DR: A 2026 randomized active-control study in European Journal of Sport Science found that one 45-minute slackline practice session improved eyes-open slackline balance and increased resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) beta power in healthy slackline-naive adults, while eyes-closed balance and tibial somatosensory evoked potentials did not show the same selective change. Key Findings 35-person randomized sample: Researchers …

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TBI Apathy Linked to Blunted Reward Prediction Error During Exploration

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TBI Apathy Linked to Blunted Reward Prediction Error During Exploration

TL;DR: A 2025 medRxiv fMRI preprint linked higher apathy in both traumatic brain injury (TBI) and control groups to greater effort discounting, while TBI-related apathy was also associated with less exploratory decision-making and weaker neural encoding of differences between expected and received rewards. Key Findings 53-person fMRI sample: Researchers analyzed 34 people with chronic TBI …

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Watchful Waiting Left Symptoms in 57% of Children With Mild Sleep-Disordered Breathing

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Watchful Waiting Left Symptoms in 57% of Children With Mild Sleep-Disordered Breathing

TL;DR: A 2026 study in Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine found that after 12 months of watchful waiting for mild pediatric sleep-disordered breathing, only 13% of children progressed on polysomnography (PSG), an overnight sleep study, but 57% had persistent or worsening caregiver-reported symptoms. Key Findings 234 observed children: The analysis used the watchful-waiting arm of …

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MBCT fMRI Manifolds Shifted During Rumination in Major Depression

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MBCT fMRI Manifolds Shifted During Rumination in Major Depression

TL;DR: A 2026 medRxiv preprint used functional MRI (fMRI) and complex harmonics decomposition to study mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in 80 people with major depressive disorder, reporting post-treatment changes in whole-brain manifolds during rumination. Key Findings 80-patient trial sample: The preprint analyzed fMRI data from a randomized controlled trial in major depressive disorder. MBCT plus TAU: …

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Autistic Children With Speech Delay Showed Reversed Auditory Bias

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Autistic Children With Speech Delay Showed Reversed Auditory Bias

TL;DR: A 2026 study in Autism Research found that autistic children with early speech delay needed longer sound gaps to detect timing changes, but detected smaller pitch-frequency changes than typically developing peers. Key Findings 21 autistic children were compared with 23 typically developing children: The autism group had early language delay and early autistic manifestations, …

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Cerebellar Hypermetabolism Impaired Fronto-Cerebellar Connectivity in Alcohol Use Disorder

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Cerebellar Hypermetabolism Impaired Fronto-Cerebellar Connectivity in Alcohol Use Disorder

TL;DR: A 2026 study in Translational Psychiatry combined positron emission tomography (PET) and functional MRI (fMRI) in alcohol use disorder and linked cerebellar hypermetabolism to disrupted fronto-cerebellar connectivity and poorer inhibition performance. Key Findings AUD-control sample: Researchers compared 27 people with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD) and 25 healthy controls. Multimodal imaging used: The study …

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Post COVID-19 Condition Linked to Fatigue, Sleep, Mood, and Subjective Cognition

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Post COVID-19 Condition Linked to Fatigue, Sleep, Mood, and Subjective Cognition

TL;DR: A 2026 cross-sectional study in PLOS One found that people with post COVID-19 condition reported worse quality of life, fatigue, sleep, psychological wellbeing, and subjective cognition than COVID-19 survivors without the condition, while many objective lung, metabolic, and cognitive tests did not differ. Key Findings 139-person Dutch cohort: The study included 87 people with …

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