TL;DR: A 2026 systematic review and meta-analysis in Pain Medicine found that Medicaid enrollment and preoperative benzodiazepine use had the largest pooled associations with new persistent opioid use after surgery among opioid-naive US adults. Key Findings 27 cohort studies: The review included US adult surgical studies that separated opioid-naive patients from those using opioids before …
TL;DR: A 2026 protocol in JMIR Research Protocols describes EXCEL-PD, a randomized trial testing whether 26 weeks of virtually supervised home endurance and resistance exercise is feasible, safe, and biologically informative for people with Parkinson disease. Key Findings Home trial design: EXCEL-PD randomizes 31 planned participants with Parkinson disease to home-based exercise or waitlist usual …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Neuropsychopharmacology found that 30 mg 2C-B produced acute subjective effects in healthy adults that were similar in overall intensity to 125 mg MDMA, shorter and less distressing than 25 mg psilocybin, and less cardiovascularly stimulating than MDMA. Key Findings Crossover comparison: The double-blind study tested 10, 20, and 30 mg …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Nature Communications found that proteotoxic stress can push neurons into karyoptosis, a cell-death pathway marked by nuclear lamina breakdown, nuclear-material expulsion, and dementia-linked tissue signatures. Key Findings Karyoptosis was induced by protein-clearance stress: Blocking autophagic lysosomal clearance caused LaminB1 disruption, nuclear-shape loss, cytoplasmic nuclear material, and later cell death. p38-LaminB1 …
TL;DR: A 2026 ADNI analysis posted to medRxiv found that brain-derived plasma pTau217 better predicted near-term amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) positivity than total plasma pTau217 in cognitively unimpaired amyloid-negative participants. Key Findings 1,427 ADNI participants: Plasma NULISAseq biomarkers were measured across the broader Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative sample. 529 cognitively unimpaired: The main prognostic …
TL;DR: A 2026 medRxiv preprint reported that peripheral blood RNA sequencing separated Parkinson disease from healthy controls and isolated REM sleep behavior disorder more clearly than it separated isolated REM sleep behavior disorder from controls. Key Findings 71 baseline samples: The main analysis included 20 healthy controls, 31 people with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder, …
TL;DR: A 2026 randomized trial posted to medRxiv found that connectivity-guided accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation added to inpatient care improved treatment-resistant depression scores more than sham stimulation over 2 weeks. Key Findings 57 randomized patients: Hospitalized adults with unipolar treatment-resistant depression were assigned to active or sham stimulation. 30 iTBS sessions: Active treatment delivered 3 …
TL;DR: A 2026 human study in Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science found that low-intensity focused ultrasound aimed at salience-network hubs improved early skin-conductance habituation to repeated startle sounds, while eye-blink and EEG habituation did not change. Key Findings Forty healthy adults completed a crossover experiment: Participants attended separate low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) sessions targeting the …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in The Journal of Physiology found that steady-state Purkinje-cell firing patterns had limited ability to predict cerebellar nuclei output in mouse models of cerebellar movement disease. Key Findings 5 disease models: The reanalysis used in vivo recordings from mouse models involving ataxia, dystonia, tremor, and altered cerebellar circuitry. Purkinje-to-nuclei test: Researchers …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Nature Communications found that PLTi, an evolutionarily old group of inhibitory brainstem neurons, was required for mice to choose a goal-relevant visual target over lower-priority distractors. Key Findings PLTi defined: Parabigemino-lateral tegmental inhibitory complex neurons were mostly parvalbumin-positive GABAergic cells in the mouse brainstem. 95.01% overlap: Nearly all GABA-positive cells …
