TL;DR: A 2026 preprint in medRxiv used amyloid positron-emission tomography, tau molecular imaging, and structural MRI to build individualized Alzheimer’s disease biomarker axes from ADNI and validate them in OASIS. Key Findings 12,430 ADNI images: The pipeline harmonized longitudinal amyloid-beta and tau positron-emission tomography images plus T1 MRI gray matter images from ADNI. 4,958 OASIS …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology followed 951 New Zealand adolescents and found that 5 emotion-regulation profiles tracked different patterns of anxiety, depression, optimism, resilience, and wellbeing over 5 months. Key Findings 951 adolescents were studied: The sample completed the Process of Emotion Regulation Measure (PERM), a tool that separates …
TL;DR: A 2026 preprint in medRxiv found that the ADAS-Cog-13 cognitive scale detected impairment in older adults with focal epilepsy, but a cutoff of 15 had only modest diagnostic accuracy against an epilepsy-specific neuropsychological standard. Key Findings 83 epilepsy patients: The study analyzed adults older than 55 with focal epilepsy from the Brain, Aging, and …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Human Brain Mapping found that full-term neonates already showed stronger structural and functional connectivity between cortical gyri than between sulci, with brain structure-function coupling shifting toward decoupling around 41 weeks postmenstrual age. Key Findings Neonatal imaging sample: Researchers analyzed full-term neonates from the developing Human Connectome Project scanned between 38.14 …
TL;DR: A 2026 Neuropsychopharmacology study of 11,036 ABCD participants found youth who initiated cannabis use showed flatter cognitive-development trajectories from ages 9 to 17, with hair-detected THC linked to worse episodic-memory change. Key Findings 11,036 youth were followed: Researchers used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to track neurocognitive performance from late childhood into …
TL;DR: A 2026 study in Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience found that visual working memory, the short-term holding of visual details, still showed a strong cardinal-versus-diagonal orientation bias under distraction, while transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a weak noninvasive brain-stimulation method, did not improve task reports. Key Findings Two stimulation experiments tested orientation memory: Researchers …
TL;DR: A 2026 review in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review explained how the Diffusion Model for Conflict tasks (DMC) models attention and cognitive control in Simon, Eriksen flanker, and Stroop tasks. Key Findings 3 classic tasks: The review focused on Simon, Eriksen flanker, and Stroop conflict tasks. 2 evidence streams: DMC combines a linear controlled stream …
TL;DR: A 2026 systematic review posted on medRxiv found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a weak noninvasive brain-stimulation method, added to cognitive training produced a small short-term cognitive benefit across 27 trials, but the effect faded at follow-up and the evidence certainty was very low. Key Findings 27 controlled studies: The meta-analysis included 1,012 …
TL;DR: A 2026 iScience study recorded human substantia nigra neurons during Parkinson’s surgery and found that putative dopamine-neuron firing was higher after a prior reward, while the next response was modestly faster. Key Findings Direct human recordings: Researchers recorded 27 substantia nigra neurons across 13 sessions in 11 Parkinson’s disease patients undergoing deep-brain stimulation surgery. …
TL;DR: A 2026 iScience study used simultaneous EEG-fMRI from 24 healthy adults to build reference maps for slow-wave events (SWEs), brief sleep-related brain waves, and proposed SloCAD as a way to measure how an individual brain deviates from healthy slow-wave network patterns. Key Findings Two healthy cohorts were mapped: Researchers analyzed simultaneous EEG-fMRI sleep recordings …
