Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Selegiline Reverses Anxiety & Memory Impairment in Amyloid Beta-Induced Alzheimers Model Rats (2024 Study)

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The study demonstrated that selegiline (SEL) improves memory performance, reduces anxiety, and modulates oxidative stress in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rat model. Highlights: Memory Improvements: SEL administration improved recognition memory, spatial memory, and passive avoidance memory in AD rats. Anxiety Reduction: SEL significantly reduced anxiety-like behavior in AD rats, as evidenced by performance in the …

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Novel Risk Genes for Schizophrenia Discovered in High Altitude Tibetans via Whole-Exome Sequencing (2024 Study)

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A study on Tibetans living at high altitudes identified novel risk genes for schizophrenia (SCZ) related to hypoxia, suggesting a unique genetic signature for SCZ in this population. Highlights: Whole-exome sequencing of 47 SCZ cases and 53 controls in Tibetans revealed 275 potential novel risk variants and two known variants. One gene, C5orf42, surpassed exome-wide …

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Repurposing Antipsychotics & Antidepressants to Treat Glioblastoma (2024 Study)

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Repurposing antipsychotics and antidepressants with favorable safety profiles and blood-brain barrier permeability shows promise for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, primarily through disrupting lysosomal function and inducing cell death. Highlights: Mechanism of Action: The studied antipsychotics and antidepressants induce GBM cell death by disrupting lysosomal function, leading to lysosomal membrane rupture. PTEN Sensitivity: GBMs with intact PTEN …

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Drug-Induced Musical Hallucinations: Causes & Treatments (2024 Research)

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Drug-induced musical hallucinations occur across various medical conditions, with antidepressants, opioids, and other medications as common triggers, potentially arising from neurotransmitter imbalances; treatment often involves modifying or discontinuing the trigger drug. Highlights: Prevalence & Demographics: The average patient age was 58.3 years, with 67.9% being female. Common Conditions: Hearing impairments, psychiatric disorders, cancers, and neurodegenerative …

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Ketamine Rapidly Reverses Suicidal Ideation & Severe Depression (2024 Meta-Analysis)

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Ketamine significantly reduces suicidal ideation in depressed patients, with rapid effects observed within the first day of treatment. Highlights: Rapid Reduction: Ketamine shows a significant reduction in suicidal ideation within the first day of treatment (RR = 10.02, 95% CI = 4.24 to 23.68). Sustained Improvement: Repeated ketamine treatments result in a greater reduction of …

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PCSK9 Inhibitors May Increase Parkinson’s Disease & Reduce ALS Risk (2024 Study)

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PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduce the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) but increase the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Highlights: ALS Risk Reduction: PCSK9 inhibitors marginally reduced the risk of ALS with an odds ratio of 0.89 (p = 0.048). PD Risk Increase: PCSK9 inhibitors increased the risk of Parkinson’s disease, with an odds ratio …

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Repurposing General Anesthetic Drugs to Treat Depression: Ketamine, Nitrous Oxide, Propofol, Isoflurane (2024 Research)

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Repurposing general anesthetic drugs like ketamine for the treatment of major depression represents a significant medical advancement – showcasing rapid and sustained antidepressant effects. Highlights: Rapid Antidepressant Effects: Ketamine, nitrous oxide, propofol, and isoflurane have shown rapid and sustained antidepressant properties, offering new treatment options for major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression. Mechanisms of Action: …

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Psychological Trauma & Adversity May Accelerate Biological Aging (2024 Analysis)

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Adversity accelerates biological aging through health-compromising behaviors like smoking and possibly social disconnection, and future research needs to focus on causal methodologies to better understand these processes and develop effective interventions. Highlights: Mechanisms of Accelerated Aging: Recent studies suggest that adversity accelerates biological aging, with health-compromising behaviors, especially smoking, playing a significant role in this …

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Sleep Profiles of Different Psychiatric Traits (2024 Study)

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Different psychiatric conditions exhibit varied sleep problems, with insomnia and fatigue being the most common issues. Highlights: Worst Sleep Profiles: Traits related to affect disorders, generalized anxiety, and ADHD show the worst sleep problems, including insomnia and fatigue. Milder Sleep Issues: Autism, eating disorders, and impulsivity traits are linked to milder sleep disturbances. Mania and …

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rTMS of Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DL-PFC) May Treat Methamphetamine Addiction via Altering Cravings & Decision Making (2024 Study)

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) improves decision-making and reduces cravings in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). Highlights: Improved Decision-Making: rTMS treatment enhanced decision-making abilities in MUD patients, making their choices more rational and similar to healthy individuals. Craving Reduction: Participants experienced a significant decrease in cravings for …

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